How To Properly Use The Pottery Wheel

As an art and a craft, pottery has existed for thousands of years. One of the most classic as well as satisfying techniques for making beautiful pottery is throwing clay on a potter’s wheel. This technique is defined as the process of fusing a mass of clay into a uniform or symmetrical shape, usually round such as a vase or a pot whereby the object is placed on a spinning wheel and hands or other tools are used to shape it.

If you are a novice, an experienced potter will agree that throwing centered clay is perhaps the most exhilarating when it comes to working with clay as it is very imaginative and connects the person to the ancient craft in a more appreciative way.

This article on how to properly use the pottery wheel has a step evolution in motion that allows you to understand the major activities within the basics – throwing on a pottery wheel, while at the same time grasping the knowledge of how to handle the wheel to throw your pots and other unique ceramics.

What is a Pottery Wheel?

A pottery wheel is an essential tool in pottery-making, designed to spin clay while the potter shapes it. This device usually features a circular, flat disc called the wheel head, which can be turned either manually or with electric power. The wheel’s spinning motion enables potters to craft symmetrical and uniform pieces effortlessly, from simple bowls and plates to intricate vases and art forms.

Its precision and adaptability make the pottery wheel invaluable for both beginners and seasoned potters, enhancing creativity and expression in the ceramic arts.

Needed Materials

To properly use a pottery wheel, you will need the following materials:

Pottery Clay

Choose a high-quality clay that is suitable for wheel throwing. It should have enough plasticity to be easily shaped on the wheel, but not too sticky or dry. A good beginner clay is one with a mix of kaolin and ball clay.

Water

To keep the clay moist and workable while throwing, you will need a water source nearby. Some potters prefer to use a spray bottle for controlled moisture application.

Tools

Basic tools such as a sponge, wire cutter, wooden rib, trimming tool, needle tool, and chamois are essential for manipulating the clay on the wheel.

Pottery Bat

A pottery bat is a flat disc made out of wood or plastic that is placed on top of the wheel head. This allows you to easily remove the finished piece from the wheel without distorting its shape.

Optional Materials

Additional materials like slip, underglaze, and glaze can be used to add decoration and color to your pottery pieces. These are not necessary for throwing on a wheel but can enhance the overall appearance of your final product.

9 Step-by-step Guidelines on How to Properly Use the Pottery Wheel

Step 1: Prepare Your Clay

Getting started on the pottery wheel requires well-prepared clay. First, cut the clay into smaller chunks if you’re working with a large block. Next, wedge the clay thoroughly to eliminate air bubbles and achieve a consistent texture. This process is similar to kneading bread dough.

Properly wedged clay will have an even moisture level and be free of air pockets. This makes it easier to center on the wheel and reduces the chances of cracks in your finished piece. Once the clay is ready, shape it into a round ball for easier centering on the wheel.

Step 2: Getting Your Wheel Ready

Before you start working with clay on the pottery wheel, make sure your workspace is tidy and the wheel is clean from any leftover clay. Securely attach a pottery bat to the wheel head; this makes it easier to remove your finished piece without affecting its shape.

Adjust your seat height for comfort, allowing your legs to rest naturally around the wheel. Keep your tools and water within easy reach, whether in a bucket or a spray bottle. If you’re using an electric wheel, get familiar with the speed controls to maintain a steady rotation.

By setting up your wheel and workspace properly, you’ll create a stable environment that lets you concentrate on crafting your pottery with precision.

Step 3: Centering the Clay

Centering is the key to creating balanced and symmetrical pottery on the wheel. It involves distributing the clay’s weight evenly around the wheel’s center axis. Start by placing the clay ball in the center of your pottery bat and pat it into a cone shape with both hands.

Next, position one hand on each side of the cone. Gently press down on the top while simultaneously pulling up from underneath. This motion will compress and elongate the clay, transforming it into a cylinder. Keep adjusting until you achieve a uniform height and width throughout the piece.

Step 4: Create an Opening in the Clay

Now that the clay is centered, it’s time to open up the center of the cylinder. Use your index finger and thumb to gently press into the center while your other fingers provide support from the outside. Gradually widen the opening with steady pressure, ensuring you don’t press too deep.

Remember, the size of this initial opening influences the final shape and height of your piece, so take your time and adjust as necessary.

Step 5: Shaping the Walls

Gently pull the walls of your cylinder upwards by squeezing the clay between your fingers and thumbs. Keep your fingers close together and apply upward pressure. Achieving a smooth, even shape takes practice and patience.

Begin with small pulls at the top, gradually increasing the size as you reach the desired height. Remember to keep the clay moist using a sponge or spray bottle throughout this step.

Step 6: Create a Narrowing Neck

Once the walls of your piece have reached the desired height, it’s time to narrow the neck. To do this, pinch the clay between your fingers and thumbs at the top to compress and thin out the walls. Continue pulling upwards while slowly reducing pressure until you’ve achieved a uniform curve.

This step is crucial if you’re creating a vase or any other tall, narrow piece. Take your time and adjust as needed for a smooth transition from a wide opening to a narrow neck.

Step 6: Form a Tapered Neck

With the walls of your piece at the desired height, it’s time to shape the neck. Gently pinch and compress the clay between your fingers and thumbs at the top, thinning the walls to create a uniform curve. Maintain an upward pull while gradually easing the pressure for a smooth finish.

This step is vital for crafting a vase or any tall, narrow item. Take your time and make adjustments to ensure a seamless transition from the wide opening to the tapered neck.

Step 7: Form a Foot Ring

Adding a foot ring not only enhances the stability of your piece but also elevates its aesthetic appeal. Start by using a wire cutter or needle tool to carefully carve into the base of your piece, ensuring you leave enough clay for support. Then, gently compress and shape the leftover clay into a small disc at the bottom.

Precision is key in this step to ensure the foot ring maintains an even thickness. Make any necessary adjustments before proceeding to the trimming stage.

Step 8: Trimming the Base

After your piece has firmed up, it’s time to remove any extra clay from the bottom. This step not only gives your creation a polished look but also helps prevent cracking during firing by eliminating unnecessary weight.

Use a trimming tool or wooden rib to carefully trim away the excess clay, ensuring you don’t touch the foot ring. Be cautious not to remove too much clay; maintaining even thickness is crucial for stability.

Step 9: Finishing Touches

Once you’re satisfied with the shape and thickness of your piece, it’s time to add any finishing touches. This may include carving designs or adding handles or spouts for functionality. You can also use various techniques for adding texture, such as combing or stamping.

Remember to keep your clay moist throughout this process by using a sponge or spray bottle. Once you’ve completed all desired additions, carefully remove your finished piece from the wheel using a wire cutter and place it on a drying rack. Let it dry completely before firing in the kiln.

Following these steps on how to properly use the pottery wheel will help you create a well-crafted piece of pottery on the wheel. With practice and patience, you can perfect your skills and create beautiful pieces to use or display in your home. So get ready to roll up your sleeves and let your creativity flow through this hands-on art form! 

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Can I Use Different Types of Clay on the Pottery Wheel?

A: Yes, you can use various types of clay on the pottery wheel, such as stoneware, earthenware, and porcelain. Each type has its unique properties and may require different techniques and tools to achieve the desired results. Experiment with different types of clay to find your preferred medium for throwing on the wheel.

Q: Do I Need Special Tools for Pottery Throwing?

A: While there are specific tools designed specifically for pottery throwing, you can also use everyday items found in your kitchen or garage, such as wooden ribs, sponges, wire cutters, and needle tools. As you progress in your pottery journey, you may choose to invest in higher-quality tools for a smoother and more efficient throwing experience.

Q: How Long Does It Take To Learn How to Throw on a Pottery Wheel?

A: Learning how to throw on a pottery wheel takes time and practice, but most beginners can create basic pieces within a few hours. However, mastering the art of throwing on the wheel and creating more complex designs may take months or even years of consistent practice. Don’t get discouraged if you don’t get it right the first time; keep practicing, and you’ll eventually achieve your desired results.

Conclusion

Mastering pottery wheel throwing is a rewarding blend of creativity, precision, and patience. From crafting simple forms to designing intricate pieces, the joy of creating beautiful, functional art by hand is unmatched. Each creation not only showcases your growing skills but also mirrors your personal style and artistic flair.

Practice and experimentation are essential for improving your craft. Whether pottery is your hobby or you’re aiming for a professional career, the satisfaction of spinning clay on a wheel is its own reward. Embrace the process, learn from every throw, and savor the meditative flow of this timeless art form. Thanks for reading this article on how to properly use the pottery wheel.